Concept Map

2.4.2  Concept Map and Guided question response

Assessment Details

You are to develop a concept map and answer three questions related to Acute Severe Asthma. References are to include three (3) recent, relevant journal articles as well as textbook material and evidence-based resources (to a total of at least 6 references).

Concept Map (250 words)

– The concept map must be computer generated.

– When researching the topic, use the pathophysiology template that is on the unit vUWS site to assist you in organising your information. The template will also assist in identifying key concepts and their relationships.

– Concept boxes should have titles with relevant content summarised within the box.

– The summarised content may be in point format and size 10 font (Arial or Times New Roman) may be used on the concept map.

– Concept boxes must be linked using lines and linking words/phrases to demonstrate logical relationships between concepts.

– For conciseness, numbers may be used to replace traditional APA referencing within concept boxes. If you use numbers, you must include a reference list in numerical order, corresponding to your references immediately after the concept map.

– Critical thinking and creativity are essential components of the concept map. The map design needs to be visually stimulating.

Case study

Jackson Smith, a 18 year-old male, was admitted to the Emergency Department at 9pm with severe breathless-ness. His family informed you that the patient has a history of Asthma that had been diagnosed when he was two years old. On admission to the Emergency Department the clinical manifestations were:

– Severe dyspnoea, inability to speak sentences in one breath

– Respiratory rate of 32 breaths/minute

– SpO2 90%, on room air

– BP 150/85 mmHg

– Pulse rate of 130 beats/minute

– Auscultation of lungs identifies diminished breath sounds and widespread wheeze A chest x-ray was performed and showed a clear and hyper-inflated lung fields.

A blood gas was taken:

pH : 7.35

PaO2: 60mmHg

PaCO2: 50mmHg

HCO3: 25mEq/L

Lactate: 1

SaO2 90%

A diagnosis of Acute Severe Asthma was made.

Question 1.  (650 words) (Learning outcome 1 and 5)

Explain the pathogenesis causing the clinical manifestations with which Jackson Smith presented with. Question 2. (300 words) (Learning outcomes 2, 4 and 5)

Discuss two high priority nursing strategies to manage Jackson and provide evidence-based rationales for these strate-gies.

Question 3. (300 words) (Learning outcome 3 and 5)

Three of the drugs that were given to Jackson were continuous nebulised Salbutamol and nebulised Ipratropium bromide (4/24) and IV Hydrocortisone 100mg (6/24).

a.  Discuss the mechanism of action of these drugs, and relate to the underlying pathogenesis of an Acute Severe Asthma. And,

b. Describe the nursing implications (monitoring for and responding to adverse effects, and evaluating therapeutic effect) when administering these drugs to a patient with an Acute Severe Asthma.

When answering questions:

– Responses are to use full sentences, paragraphs, correct spelling and grammar.

– The word limit for the guided questions is 1250 words. Use your computer to total the number of words used. In-text citations will be included in the additional 10% of the word count. If you exceed the word limit by more than 10% the marker will stop marking.

– Provide a reference list in APA 6th Edition style with a minimum of 6 academic references which could include journal articles, textbooks, government websites and reports, and creditable organisational websites (such as the Agency for Clinical Innovation (https://www.aci.health.nsw.gov.au/).

– Appropriate resources must be selected and accurately used. The cited references must support your discussion or explanation.

– Ensure that your concept map and guided questions are one document to upload through Turnitin.

Resources:

i. Examples may be available on the vUWS site.

ii. There are a number of textbooks and resources available through the Western Sydney University Library that may assist you. Please refer to the unit’s vUWS site for specific unit resources.

Marking Criteria:

Concept Map

Criteria	Mark	High Distinction	Distinction	Credit	Pass	Fail
Criteria 1 -		Accurately, clearly	Accurately, clearly	Most of the key	One or two	Minimal
Clearly, accurately		and concisely	and concisely	concepts	concepts have	information
and concisely		summarises all	summarises all	accurately	been omitted or a	included with
summarises the		key concepts with	the key concepts	summarised but	number of key	omissions, lack of
key concepts		all information	with information	some relevant	concepts lack	clarity. Sources of
(aetiology,		supported by	supported by	information has	clarity and	information not
pathogenesis,		appropriate	appropriate	been omitted or	conciseness.	always evident.
clinical		authoritative	authoritative	lacks clarity.	Sources of	(6-9.)
manifestations,		sources.	sources. There	Information is	information may	Most concepts
diagnosis,			are minor	supported by	not always	poorly or
treatment, course,			omissions from	relevant sources.	evident.	inaccurately
prognosis and			one or two of the			summarised.
prevention) of			key concepts.			Significant
Acute Severe						omissions of
Asthma						relevant
						information with
						sources either not
						identified, unclear
						or predominantly
						non-credible
						sources.
						(0-5.5)
	/15	13-15	11.5-12.5	10-11	7.5-9.5	Æ7
Criteria 2 -		The relationships	Relationships	Relationships	Some links are	Links between
Clearly and		between all	between most	between concepts	clear and accurate	most concepts
accurately		concepts are	concepts are	are generally	but a number may	lack accuracy,
demonstrates the		accurately, clearly	accurately and	identifiable but	be incomplete	clarity and logic.
relationships/links		and logically	clearly	some links may	and/or clarity and
between the		demonstrated	demonstrated	be incomplete or	logic is difficult to
concepts.		using arrows/lines	using arrows/lines	lack clarity.	identify easily.
		and linking word-	and linking word-
		s/statements.	s/statements.
	/5	4.5-5	4	3.5	2.5-3	Æ2
Criteria 3 -		The layout and	The layout and	Concept map	The layout of the	The layout of the
Presents the		organisation of	organisation of	generally well	map is adequate	map is poor with
concept map in a		the map is	the map is clear	organised and	but lacks clarity	lack of clarity and
manner that the		exceptionally clear	with appropriate	visually	and visual	organisation and
layout and		and professional	use of colour and	stimulating.	stimulation.	fails to capture
organisation of		using graphics	graphics.			attention.
data stimulate,		and colour
capture and		effectively.
maintain the
attention of the
reader with the
appropriate use of
colour and
graphics.
	/5	4.5-5	4	3.5	2.5-3	Æ2

Guided Questions

Criteria	Mark	High Distinction	Distinction		Credit		Pass	Fail
Guided Question		Analyses	Analyses		Analyses		Using information	Using one or two
1 -		information from	information from		information from		from relevant	references gives a
Demonstrates		a discerning	a discerning		relevant sources		references	superficial
		selection of	selection of		and generally		provides a basic	description of the
comprehensive		sources and	sources and		provides an		description of the	pathogenesis of
and detailed		provides an	accurately		accurate		pathogenesis of	an acute
knowledge of the		accurate and clear	explains the		explanation of the		an acute	exacerbation of
pathogenesis of		explanation of the	pathogenesis		pathogenesis		exacerbation of	Asthma with a
an acute		pathogenesis	causing the		causing the		Asthma with	number of
exacerbation of		causing the	clinical		clinical		some links to the	significant
Asthma, and		clinical	manifestations of		manifestations of		clinical	inaccuracies,
relates the clinical		manifestation of	the patient in the		the patient in the		manifestations	repetition or lack
manifestations to		the patient in the	case study.		case study.		presented by the	of clarity. Has not
the pathogenesis.		case study.	Mostly synthesises		The explanation is		patient in the	accurately related
		The explanation	the information		mostly developed		case study.	the clinical
		is developed in a	effectively in own		in a logical		There may be	manifestations to
		logical sequence	words and in a		sequence but		minor	the pathogenesis.
		and incorporates	logical sequence		there may be one		inaccuracies,	(4-9.5)
		all manifestations	including all		or two omissions		omissions or	Information
		presented in the	manifestations		of significant		repetition of	predominantly
		case study.	presented by the		information		information, lack	copied or quoted
		The discussion is	patient.		or all		of clarity or	from
		clearly and	The discussion is			manifestations are	logical flow of the	inappropriate
		accurately	clearly and		accurately		process.	sources such as
		supported by	accurately		explained but		The discussion is	non-authoritative
		appropriate	supported by		there is little		mostly supported	web sites,
		sources.	appropriate		logical		by appropriate	Wikipedia,
			sources.		development in		sources.	encyclopaedias or
					the discussion.			dictionaries with
					The discussion is			little evidence of
					clearly and			understanding.
					accurately			The sources of
					supported by			information are
					appropriate			not accurate and
					sources.			clearly evident.
								(0-3.5)
	/20	17-20	15-16.5	13-24.5			10-12.5	Æ9.5
Guided Question		Accurately	Accurately		Identifies two		Identifies two	Does not
2 -		identifies two	identifies two		high priority		nursing strategies	accurately identify
Demonstrates		high priority	high priority		nursing strategies		to manage a	two nursing
		nursing strategies	nursing strategies		to manage a		patient with an	strategies to
ability to prioritise		used to manage a	used to manage a		patient with an		acute	manage a patient
nursing care for a		patient with an	patient with an		acute		exacerbation of	with an acute
patient with an		acute	acute		exacerbation of		Asthma and	exacerbation of
acute		exacerbation of	exacerbation of		Asthma and		provides basic	Asthma and
exacerbation of		Asthma and	Asthma and		provides accurate		rationales for the	provides little or
Asthma, using		based on current	states accurate		rationales for the		strategies but are	inaccurate
current evidence		evidence	rationales based		management but		not	explanation of
to explain the		accurately and	on current		not clearly		evidence-based.	rationales.
rationales and		clearly explains	evidence.		evidence based.		The discussion is	Information
justifies nursing		the rationales.	The discussion is		The discussion is		mostly supported	predominantly
strategies.		The discussion is	clearly and		clearly and		by appropriate	copied or quoted
		clearly and	accurately		accurately		sources.	from
		accurately	supported by		supported by			inappropriate
		supported by	appropriate		appropriate			sources.
		appropriate	sources.		sources.			The sources of
		sources.						information are
								not accurate and
								clearly evident.
	/10	8.5-10	7.5-8	6.5-7			5-6	Æ4.5

Criteria	Mark	High Distinction	Distinction	Credit	Pass	Fail
Guided Question		Analyses	Analyses	Accurately	Provides a basic	The mechanism
3a -		information from	information from	explains the	explanation of the	of action of
Demonstrates		a discerning	a discerning	mechanism of	mechanism of	nebulised
		selection of	selection of	action of	action of	salbutamol and
knowledge of the		sources and	sources and	nebulised	nebulised	ipratropium
mechanism of		comprehensively	accurately	salbutamol and	salbutamol and	bromide and IV
action of		and accurately	discusses the	ipratropium	ipratropium	hydrocortisone is
nebulised		discusses the	mechanism of	bromide and IV	bromide and IV	incomplete or
salbutamol and		mechanism of	action of	hydrocortisone	hydrocortisone.	inaccurate with
ipratropium		action of	nebulised	generally relating	The answer may	little or no
bromide and IV		nebulised	salbutamol and	to the underlying	not be clearly	relationship to the
hydrocortisone		salbutamol and	ipratropium	pathogenesis of	related to the	underlying
relating to the		ipratropium	bromide and IV	an acute	pathogenesis of	pathogenesis of
underlying		bromide and IV	hydrocortisone	exacerbation of	an acute	an acute
pathogenesis of		hydrocortisone,	relating to the	Asthma.	exacerbation of	exacerbation of
an acute		relating	underlying	However, the	Asthma, contain	Asthma.
exacerbation of		accurately to the	pathogenesis of	response may lack	some inaccuracies	Information
Asthma.		underlying	an acute	some relevant	or lack clarity.	predominantly
		pathogenesis of	exacerbation of	information or	The discussion is	taken from
		an acute	Asthma.	clarity.	mostly supported	inappropriate
		exacerbation of	The discussion is	The discussion is	by appropriate	sources.
		Asthma.	clearly and	clearly and	sources.	The sources of
		The discussion is	accurately	accurately		information are
		clearly and	supported by	supported by		not accurate and
		accurately	appropriate	appropriate		clearly evident.
		supported by	sources.	sources.
		appropriate
		sources.
	/10	8.5-10	7.5-8	6.5-7	5-6	Æ4.5
Guided Question		Identifies major	Identifies major	Identifies adverse	Identifies adverse	Identifies some
3b -		adverse effects of	adverse effects of	effects of	effects of	adverse effects.
Demonstrates		nebulised	nebulised	nebulised	nebulised	May include some
		salbutamol and	salbutamol and	salbutamol and	salbutamol and	discussion of
knowledge of		ipratropium	ipratropium	ipratropium	ipratropium	nursing
nursing		bromide and IV	bromide and IV	bromide and IV	bromide and IV	implications but
implications		hydrocortisone,	hydrocortisone,	hydrocortisone,	hydrocortisone,	answer contains
(monitoring for		and	and accurately	and discusses how	and includes some	inaccuracies,
and responding to		comprehensively	discusses how to	to monitor for	generalised	omissions and
adverse effects		and accurately	monitor for and	and respond to	discussion on	lacks clarity.
and evaluating		discusses how to	respond to most	adverse effects.	monitoring for	The sources of
therapeutic		monitor for and	adverse effects.	Responses to	and responding to	information are
effect) when		respond to each	Links between the	adverse effects	adverse effects.	not accurate and
administering		adverse effect.	adverse effect and	may be	Links between	clearly evident.
nebulised		Link between	response are	generalised rather	adverse effect and
salbutamol and		each adverse	mostly evident.	than related to	nursing response
ipratropium		effect and nursing	Accurately	each specific	not generally
bromide and IV		response is	explains how to	adverse effect.	evident.
hydrocortisone to		evident.	evaluate the	Explains how to	Basic explanation
a patient with an		Accurately	therapeutic effect	evaluate the	of evaluating
acute		explains how to	of each drug with	therapeutic effect	therapeutic effect.
exacerbation of		evaluate the	links between the	of each drug with	Answer does not
Acute Severe		therapeutic effect	action of the drug	links between the	clearly indicate
Asthma.		of each drug with	and therapeutic	action of the drug	how to evaluate if
		links between the	effect evident.	and therapeutic	drug is effective.
		action of the drug	The discussion is	effect evident.	Answer may
		and therapeutic	clearly and	Response may	contain minor
		effect evident	accurately	lack some	inaccuracies,
		The discussion is	supported by	relevant	omissions and
		clearly and	appropriate	information or	lack of clarity.
		accurately	sources.	clarity in	The discussion is
		supported by		explanation.	mostly supported
		appropriate		The discussion is	by appropriate
		sources.		clearly and	sources.
				accurately
				supported by
				appropriate
				sources.
	/5	4.5-5	4	3.5	2.5-3	Æ2

Academic Writing

Criteria	Mark	High Distinction	Distinction	Credit	Pass	Fail
Language use		Writes in an	Writes clearly and	Writes clearly and	Writing is	Writes in an
Writes in a clear		advanced style	succinctly with a	satisfactory use of	reasonably clear,	elementary style
and succinct		exhibiting highly	coherent, logical	language enables	but at times the	with very basic
academic style		coherent and	flow of ideas	effective flow of	effective flow of	use of language
using correct		logical flow of	exhibiting	ideas. Minor,	ideas and	and poor
grammar,		ideas.	advanced clarity.	infrequent errors	meaning is	articulation of
spelling, and		Organisation of	No errors in	in spelling,	hindered. Minor,	ideas. It may be
punctuation		material exhibits	spelling,	punctuation,	frequent errors in	verbose,
		an advanced level	punctuation,	grammar and	spelling,	convoluted or
		of clarity. No	grammar or	sentence	punctuation,	difficult to read.
		errors in spelling,	sentence	construction that	grammar and	Organisation of
		grammar,	construction.	do not impede	sentence	material and main
		punctuation or		flow of ideas.	construction	points is unclear.
		sentence			sometimes	The errors in
		construction.			impedes the flow	spelling,
					of ideas.	punctuation,
						grammar and
						sentence
						construction
						impede meaning.
	/5	4.5-5	4	3.5	2.5-3	Æ2
Referencing and		Referencing	Referencing	Referencing	There may be	There may be
in-text citations		technique is	technique follows	technique follows	frequent minor	absent or
A minimum of six		flawless and	APA convention	APA convention	errors in APA	incorrect use of
recent references		follows APA	but contains	but contains	referencing	APA referencing
including journal		convention both	infrequent minor	infrequent errors.	convention in	technique. Does
articles,		in-text and in the	errors.	Uses at least the	in-text referencing	not use the
textbooks,		reference list.	Uses a selection	minimum number	and/or the	minimum number
government		Uses a selection	of appropriate	of required	reference list.	of required
reports, or		of appropriate	references.	references	Uses at least the	references, or uses
creditable		references.	Evidence of cited	Evidence of cited	required number	predominantly
organisational		Evidence of cited	sources is always	sources clear and	of required	inappropriate or
websites. All		sources is always	clear and	accurate.	references. Use of	non-authoritative
sources of		clear and	accurate.		cited sources not	sources. Sources
information		accurate.			always clearly	of information not
clearly evident					evident.	correctly
and accurately						acknowledged.
acknowledged
applying
conventions of
in-text referencing
for APA style. A
complete
reference list is
correctly
formatted
according to APA
style.
	/5	4.5-5	4	3.5	2.5-3	Æ2

Please Note: Although these marking criteria give a mark out of 80, the student’s mark for this assess-ment will be calculated to an equivalent mark out of 40.

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